Kodi katemera amagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana?

1) Kodi katemera amagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana?

Yankho la funso limeneli lagona pa tanthauzo la mawu akuti “ntchito.”Opanga katemera akamafotokoza momwe mayeso awo azachipatala amayendera, amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi oyang'anira, monga Food and Drug Administration (FDA), kuti atsimikizire kuti akuyankha mafunso ofunikira kwambiri.

Pamakatemera ambiri oyesera a COVID-19, zomaliza, kapena mafunso akulu omwe mayeso azachipatala amafunsa, anali kupewa COVID-19.Izi zikutanthawuza kuti otukula aziwunika milandu iliyonse ya COVID-19, kuphatikiza ochepera komanso ochepa, akamawerengera momwe katemera wawo wagwirira ntchito.

Pankhani ya katemera wa Pfizer-BioNTech, yemwe anali woyamba kulandira chilolezo chogwiritsa ntchito mwadzidzidzi kuchokera ku FDA, anthu asanu ndi atatu omwe adalandira katemerayo ndi anthu 162 omwe adalandira placebo adapanga COVID-19.Izi zikufanana ndi mphamvu ya katemera ya 95%.

Panalibe anthu omwe amwalira m'gulu lililonse pamayesero azachipatala omwe ofufuzawo anganene kuti ndi COVID-19 pomwe zambiri zidapezeka poyera mu New England Journal of Medicine pa Disembala 31, 2020.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa, zambiri zapadziko lonse lapansi zochokera ku Israeli zikuwonetsa kuti katemerayu ndiwothandiza kwambiri popewa COVID-19, kuphatikiza matenda oopsa.

Olemba pepalali sanathe kulongosola mwatsatanetsatane momwe katemera amagwirira ntchito popewa COVID-19 mwa iwo omwe ali ndi mtundu wa B.1.1.7 SARS-CoV-2.Komabe, amati katemerayu ndi wothandiza potengera mtundu wake wonse.

2) Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la dementia atha kupatsidwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Gawani pa PinterestKafukufuku waposachedwa amafufuza za polypharmacy mwa anthu omwe ali ndi dementia.Zithunzi za Elena Eliachevitch / Getty

● Akatswiri amanena kuti anthu okalamba amene akudwala matenda ovutika maganizo amayenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala amene amakhudza ubongo ndi dongosolo lapakati la mitsempha (CNS).
● Kugwiritsa ntchito pamodzi mankhwala atatu kapena kuposerapo kumaika munthu pa chiopsezo chachikulu chodwala.
● Kafukufuku wina anasonyeza kuti pafupifupi munthu mmodzi mwa anthu 7 alionse okalamba amene sakhala m’nyumba zosungira anthu okalamba amamwa mankhwala atatu kapena kuposa pamenepo.
● Kafukufukuyu akufufuza malangizo amene madokotala alembera anthu 1.2 miliyoni odwala matenda a maganizo.

Akatswiri akuwonekeratu kuti anthu azaka 65 kapena kuposerapo sayenera kumwa mankhwala atatu kapena kupitilira apo omwe amalunjika ku ubongo kapena CNS.

Mankhwala oterowo nthawi zambiri amalumikizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa chidziwitso ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha kuvulala ndi kufa.

Upangiri uwu ndi wofunikira makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la dementia, omwe nthawi zambiri amamwa mankhwala angapo kuti athetse zizindikiro zawo.

Kafukufuku waposachedwa wokhudza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la dementia anapeza kuti pafupifupi munthu mmodzi mwa asanu ndi awiri aliwonse akumwa mankhwala atatu kapena kuposerapo muubongo ndi CNS, mosasamala kanthu za machenjezo a akatswiri.

Ngakhale kuti boma la United States limayang'anira kagawidwe ka mankhwala otere m'nyumba zosungira anthu okalamba, palibe kuyang'anira kofananako kwa anthu omwe amakhala kunyumba kapena m'nyumba zothandizidwa.Kafukufuku waposachedwa adayang'ana anthu omwe ali ndi dementia omwe sakukhala m'nyumba zosungirako okalamba.

Mlembi wamkulu wa phunziroli, katswiri wa zamaganizo a geriatric Dr. Donovan Maust wa yunivesite ya Michigan (UM) ku Ann Arbor, akufotokoza momwe munthu angathetsere kumwa mankhwala ambiri:

"Dementia imabwera ndi zovuta zambiri zamakhalidwe, kuyambira kusintha kwa kugona ndi kukhumudwa mpaka kusachita chidwi ndi kusiya, ndipo opereka chithandizo, odwala, ndi osamalira mwachibadwa amatha kufunafuna kuthana ndi izi kudzera mumankhwala."

Dr. Maust akufotokoza nkhawa yake kuti nthawi zambiri madokotala amapereka mankhwala ochulukirapo."Zikuwoneka kuti tili ndi anthu ambiri omwe amamwa mankhwala ambiri popanda chifukwa chabwino," akutero.

3) Kusiya kusuta kungapangitse kukhala ndi thanzi labwino m'maganizo

● Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku amene wachitika posachedwapa, kusiya kusuta kungakhale ndi zotsatira zabwino m’milungu yochepa chabe.
● Kafukufukuyu anapeza kuti anthu amene anasiya kusuta amachepetsa kwambiri nkhawa, kuvutika maganizo, ndiponso kupsinjika maganizo kusiyana ndi amene sanasiye.
● Ngati n’zoona, zimene apezazi zingathandize anthu mamiliyoni ambiri kufunafuna zifukwa zowonjezereka zosiyira kusuta kapena kupeŵa kusiya kusuta chifukwa choopa kudwala m’maganizo kapena kucheza ndi anthu.

Chaka chilichonse, kusuta fodya kumapha anthu oposa 480,000 ku United States komanso anthu oposa 8 miliyoni padziko lonse.Ndipo malinga ndi kunena kwa Bungwe Loona za Umoyo Padziko Lonse (WHO), kusuta n’kumene kumayambitsa matenda, umphawi, ndi imfa padziko lonse.

Kusuta kwakhala kutsika kwambiri m'zaka zapitazi za 50, makamaka m'mayiko omwe amapeza ndalama zambiri, ndipo chiwerengero cha fodya chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito tsopano ndi 19.7% ku US mu 2018. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, chiwerengerochi chimakhala chouma kwambiri (36.7%) mwa anthu omwe ali ndi maganizo. nkhani zaumoyo.

Anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti kusuta kumabweretsa thanzi labwino, monga kuchepetsa nkhawa ndi nkhawa.Pakafukufuku wina, sanali osuta okha amene ankaganiza zimenezi komanso madokotala okhudza matenda a maganizo.Pafupifupi 40-45% ya akatswiri azamisala amaganiza kuti kusiya kusuta sikungakhale kothandiza kwa odwala awo.

Ena amakhulupiriranso kuti matenda amisala amatha kuipiraipira akasiya kusuta.Osuta ambiri amada nkhaŵa kuti adzataya maunansi ochezera, mwina chifukwa cha kukwiya kumene kungachitike atangosiya kusuta kapena chifukwa chakuti amaona kusuta monga gawo lofunika kwambiri la moyo wawo.

Malingana ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), anthu pafupifupi 40 miliyoni ku US akupitiriza kusuta fodya.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake gulu la ochita kafukufuku linayamba kufufuza momwe kusuta kumakhudzira thanzi la maganizo ndendende.Ndemanga yawo ikuwonekera mu Library ya Cochrane.